Bocamodem V.34 Modem manual 1995

V.34 MODEM
28, 800bps

New International Standard

Product Code:
MV.34I (Internal Model)
MV.34E (External Model)

Before You Begin your Installation

The product you have purchased is designed to be
easily installed into most IBM PC or compatible
systems. Many products have large, easy-to-read
legends to allow for the easy configuring of the
product. This installation manual contains detailed
instructions. Most included software has automatic
installation programs to place the software correctly onto your
computer. However, as all computers are configured differently, you
may be required to perform some basic DOS or Windows tasks. If you
are not familiar with basic DOS commands such as DIR, CD, or EDIT,
you should check your DOS manual, or seek assistance from you
local computer dealer to install the product.

—

How fo get Technical Assistance

The dealer that you purchased this product or your computer from is
the first place you should go for technical assistance. The dealer is
usually the most qualified source of help, and
is most familiar with your system and how
this product should be installed. Many dealers

have customer service and technical support
programs, with varying levels of support
offered, depending on your needs and computer knowledge. Please
contact the dealer first whenever a problem occurs.

If your Dealer Can’t Assist you

If you can’t get assistance from your dealer, the manufacturer
provides varying levels of technical assistance as summarized on the
following page.

Boca BBS

Nii \ Standard Free
407-241-1601 :

' Technical Support
407-241-8088

Automated
Fax Retrieval
System
407-995-9456

Priority Service
| 900-555-4900
($2 per minute)

The Standard Free Technical
Support number is for quick
answers to specific inquiries on
product features and technical
questions (call 407-241-8088; M-
FE 8 am to 6:30 pm EST). Direct
access to technical support
representatives is provided ona
limited basis. If you require
immediate attention or in-depth
help with the installation of the
product, please call our 900-
priority support number for service. This number gives you
immediate access to senior-level technicians. The number is 900-555-
4900. You will be charged $2.00 per minute. The charges will appear
on your next phone bill.

Damaged or Missing Items

We use many world-class quality assurance programs to ensure the
product you purchased is of the highest caliber. Sometimes, however,
a component may be missing from the box, or is damaged or corrupt
in some way. If this happens, immediately return the entire package
to your place of purchase so you may exchange it for a new one. Your
dealer should be able to provide you with an exchange far more
quickly than by contacting us directly. If for some reason you are
unable to return the product directly to its place of purchase, refer to
the “Servicing Your Product” and “Warranty” sections in this manual
for instructions.

On-Line Support!
CompuServe: GO BOCA
Internet:

email: support@boca.org
on the World-wide WEB:
http://www.boca.org

Lt

V.34 BOCAMODEM

Using the Boca Research V.34 MODEM manual.

This manual provides installation and operating instructions for the
Boca V.34 MODEM. The manual assumes the user has basic
computer skills and is familiar with personal computers. Its primary
purpose is to provide physical installation instructions and basic
troubleshooting. All sections should be read carefully before
beginning any installation procedures. Our customer support
experience has shown that many costly and time-consuming calls to
our technical support staff can be avoided with closer attention to the
information provided here. In addition to following the instructions
provided in this manual, you will also need to consult the
documentation supplied with your communications software.

IMPORTANT NOTICE

FCC Requirements

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) restricts the way
you can use modems. Read the FCC compliance statement found in
Appendix D of this manual.

Connecting the Modem

You can connect the modem to various types of telephone jacks. The
acceptable phone jack types are RJ-11, RJ-12, RJ-13, RJ-41S, and RJ-
45S. Most homes and businesses use one of these jacks. If your
phone system does not have a modular jack, you can purchase an
adapter to convert your jack into an RJ-11C jack. Adapters may be
purchased from any local phone or electronics store.

Copyright

©1995 Boca Research, Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction of this
document in any form is allowed without permission in writing from Boca
Research, Inc. Boca Research is not liable for any samen resulting from
technical or editorial errors or omissions contained in this document. The
information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Revisions to the
product(s) in this manual may occur at any time without notice.

Trademarks

All Boca Research products are trademarks of Boca Research, Inc. All other
references to computer systems, software, and peripherals use trademarks
owned by their respective manufacturers.

Publication Date: November, 1995
Printed in the U.S.A. MV_341E.PM5

Quick Start!

FOR THE EXTERNAL MODEL

If you are familiar with personal computers, modems,
and the Windows operating systems, follow the diagram
below to quickly connect the V.34 Modem to your system.
Make all necessary connections as shown below.

PHONE (OPTIONAL)

REAROF ~ - ' ADAPTER
SYSTEM

RS-232 ADAPTER CABLE TO SERIAL PORT (9-
or 25-pin connector) (NOT SUPPLIED)

After you have installed your modem and made the
necessary connections, verify line connection by lifting
your telephone receiver to check for a dial tone. After
hearing the tone, hang up, power on your computer, and
load your communications software. If you do not hear a
dial tone, see Section Four: Troubleshooting.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

Quick Start!

FOR THE INTERNAL MODEL

If you are familiar with personal computers, modems,
and the Windows operating systems, follow the diagram
below to quickly connect the V.34 Modem to your system.
Make all necessary connections as shown below.

SET JUMPERS
AND INSTALL
CARD IN 8- OR
16-BIT SLOT

25 ¢

REAR OF SYSTEM MODEM ie

(OPTIONAL)

After you have installed your modem and made the
necessary connections, verify line connection by lifting
your telephone receiver to check for a dial tone. After
hearing the tone, hang up, power on your computer, and
load your communications software. If you do not hear a
dial tone, see Section Four: Troubleshooting.

Quick Start

Contents

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Section One: Initoduction ticc.. ahaa, 10
Section Two: Installation (external) ..........sssseeeees 13
2.1 The Contents of Your Package ............ssssse0+ 13
2.2 Operational Requirements............scsceseesseeeee 14
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2.8 Testing the Connection ..............s.csssssseseessaceces 24
Section Three: Installation (internal) .........s.sseeeee 25
3.1 The Contents of Your Package ..........:.s:ss0000 25
3.2 COMMUNICATION SettiN|S .........crsesecesserseerserees 26
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3.4 Connecting the Phone Line ...........ccsesseseseee 29
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V.34 BOCAMODEM

Appendix A: Command and Protocol Overview.. 40

Appendix B: Hardware Diagnostics..........ssssereseres 44
Appendix C: Technical Specifications .............000 49
Appendix D: Compliance Information ..............00 50
Appendix E: Warranty Information ............cceseseeee 54
Appendix F: Servicing Your Product... 55
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AT Commands for V.42/V.42DiIS ......ccesccsseeseeeees 68
AT+MS (Modulation Select) .........csesssceeeeeneeeees 70
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10

Section One: Introduction

The V.34 protocol offers the newest technology allowing
faster and more reliable connections between modems.

The Boca V.34 modem is based on the Rockwell chip set.
This modem supports the highest possible speeds today.

What this Means for You

You can make connections faster and transmit data at a
minimum of 100% faster than with existing technology. For
example, remote networking users can work at speeds
similar to that of cabled workstations, instead of
experiencing time-lag while data crosses the phone line.
The Boca V.34 modem lets you SAVE TIME AND WORK
SMARTER.

Features

= Highest supported data transmission rates by the V.34
standard; 14.4Kbps send/receive fax.

= 100% compatible with the Hayes ‘AT’ command set.

= Auto-dial and auto-answer; tone or pulse dialing.

= Group III send and receive fax capability with support
for Class 1 and Class 2 fax commands.

a Communication ports selectable as COM1, 2, 3, or 4
using interrupts 3, 4, 5, or 7 (INTERNAL ONLY).

V.34 BOCAMODEM

11

= DTE speed up to 115.2Kbps, 16550A UART interface
(internal), serial CCITT V.24 (EIA/RS-232-D) (external).

= Supports V.42/MNP2-4 error control and V.42bis/
MNP5 data compression for throughput up to
115.2Kbps

Installation Hints

Your BOCAMODEM has been pre-set at the factory for
optimum performance. All defaults are set to allow the
modem to negotiate the best possible connection with
highest quality, data compression, and error correction.
Because of these factory defaults, the suggested
initialization (INIT) string is: ATZ. You should change the
INIT string in all of your software packages to this INIT
string.

If you want to custom configure your stored profiles, we
suggest that you always start out with an
AT&F&C1&D2-K0 before customizing other commands.
This string will reset the modem to the factory defaults as
well as reset some other basic settings. If modem
performance suffers after modifying settings, send the
INIT string above (AT&F...-KO) to the modem.

Notes on Performance

To get optimum performance from your V.34
BOCAMODEM, the phone line quality over which you
are transmitting and receiving must be reliable and
relatively free of “noise”.

Introduction

12

HOW THIS MANUAL IS ORGANIZED

Quick Start. If you are familiar with modem operations,
this abbreviated procedure provides a short cut for
connecting the Boca V.34 Modem. Otherwise, read Section
Two or Three before continuing.

Section One: Introduction. An overview of the features of
the Boca V.34 Modem.

Section Two and Three: Installation. These sections
provide communication settings (internal only), a
diagram of the V.34 Modem board or external unit,
physical installation instructions (including how to
connect the phone line), and procedures for testing the
connection.

Section Four: Troubleshooting. This provides a
description of the most common problems which may be
encountered during installation and operation along with
possible solutions.

Appendices. These include:

m technical specifications,

FCC and DOC (Canada) compliance information,
warranty policies,

how to service your Boca product if necessary

a brief survey of standard and extended AT command sets,
S-registers, and high-level protocols,

hardware diagnostics

glossary

V.34 BOCAMODEM

13

Section Two: Installation (External Model)

This section explains how to connect the Boca Research
V.34 Modem to your computer.

2.1 The Contents of Your Package

Verify that your modem package contains the following
items:

AC POWER
ADAPTER

RJ-11 CABLE

INSTALLATION COMMUNICATIONS
MANUAL SOFTWARE & MANUAL

If any items are missing or damaged, contact the vendor
from whom you purchased the modem for assistance.

Installation

14

2.2 Operational Requirements

The V.34 Modem has few requirements and is easy to use.
Be sure to read the information in the Appendix about
connecting to the phone company. In addition, note the
following:

» The communication settings are controlled by the
software that manipulates the serial interface present
in your system. The external modem is connected to
that interface.

= Operating the V.34 Modem with a computer requires
communication software, either as a stand-alone
product as included here, or as part of an application
program.

= The V.34 Modem takes a DB-25 (25-pin male
connector), but computer equipment varies. Check the
serial ports at the rear of your system.

us The V.34 Modem uses an existing serial port (9- or 25-
pin connector) on the back panel of your computer.
You will need a 25-pin serial cable to attach to the RS-
232 serial port connector on the back of the modem.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

FRONT VIEW: BOCA V.34 MODEM

2.3 Connecting the Phone Line

An RJ-11 cable is provided with the purchase of your V.34
Modem. This section contains information you will need
before you connect the telephone line to the V.34 Modem
and explains how to make the proper connections from the
V.34 Modem to your telephone line.

Before you connect the telephone line to the V.34 Modem,
you should familiarize yourself, if you haven’t done so
already, with the information provided in the Appendix of
this manual concerning FCC and telephone company
requirements.

Installation

CONNECT TO WALL

POWER SWITCH
CONNECT TO PHONE MOUNT TRANSFORMER
(power adapter) TOGGLE ON/OFF

CONNECT TO LINE CONNECT TO COMPUTER SERIAL PORT

REAR VIEW: BOCA V.34 MODEM

2.4 Preparing the Modem
Follow these simple steps to connect the modem to your
computer:

1. Turn off your computer and all peripheral devices.

2. Examine the back of the modem and review the
attached interfaces as shown above.

3. Check to make sure that the power switch is OFF
(DOWN). Then plug the small end of the power adapter
into the power jack on the back of the modem and plug
the power adapter into a standard 120V AC wall socket.

v.34 BOCAMODEM

17

Power
switch

Power connector

AC adapter

Phone jack Linejack | RS-232 connector

4. Disconnect your present phone cord from the wall jack.
Plug the end of the phone cord that came with the
modem into the wall jack, and the other end into the RJ-
11 jack at the rear of the modem marked LINE.

Wall
phone

jack

RJ-11 cable

Line jack

Installation

18

If you want to keep your telephone connected for
conventional calls, plug its cord into the other jack at the
rear of the modem labeled PHONE.

aS-332 Bwa sw

Jka p 04
fie Go

Phone jack ¥

5. Lastly, connect the modem to the computer’s serial port
with the serial cable. The modem is now ready to be
tested and operated. Turn your computer on now, then
switch ON the modem (switch in the UP position).

Serial cable

RS-232 connector WFR

V.34 BOCAMODEM

19

2.5 Windows 3.1 Users

1. Run COMCHECK to ensure that your system sees the
modem. Insert the diskette containing the COMCHECK
program and type: A:\COMCHECK or B:\COMCHECK.

COMCHECK will automatically start Windows. If you
have another application that starts when you run
Windows, you will have to close it now in order to view
COMCHECK. Follow the on-screen instructions.

NOTE: You must have the Modem switch turned on (up
position) for COMCHECK to detect the modem.

2. Insert the diskette containing the communications
software and from the Windows File Menu, select
Run...Then type A:\SETUP (or B:\SETUP) and follow
all on-screen instructions. Refer to the communications
software manual should you need assistance.

Command Line:

Oo Run Minimized

Installation

20

2.6 Windows 95 Users
1. Click on the Control Panel...

Select Modems...if there are no modems installed in
your computer, and go to step 2.

If there is a modem installed, a Modem Properties
screen is displayed. Select Add...

2. Make sure the following option is checked: “Don’t
Detect my modem; I will select it from a list”.

3. From the Install New Modem screen, choose “Boca
Research” as a modem manufacturer. Then select the
model (“Boca 28.8Kbps V.34 MV.34E”).

install Hew Modem

V.34 BOCAMODEM

21

4. Select your modem. Then select Next.... Specify the
COM port setting chosen when you installed your high-
speed serial card. Then select Next.... These settings
must match.

5. Select Finish. Continue with the next page to test the
modem.

Installation

22

2.7 Testing the Modem

To verify that your modem is working properly, follow
these steps:

After making sure your communications software is
loaded and started, you are ready to test the modem’s
connection. Note the status indicators as explained on the
following page, then continue with 2.8.

' NOTE: In order to get optimum performance from
| the external V.34 modem, you will need to have a

| 16C550/650 UART chip on your serial port. Without
| the 16C550/650 UART, errors may result while

uploading and downloading. If necessary, contact
| your dealer for information on Boca’s serial I/O
products.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

Indicator

Definition

Test Mode

Auto Answer

High speed

Send Data

Received
Data

Terminal
Ready

Carrier
Detect

Status

FLASHES when modem is in
test mode and if any errors are
detected.

ON when in Auto Answer mode
and when online with the host
modem.

ON when the V.34 Modem is
powered on or communicating
with another modem at
4800bps or faster.

ON when the V.34 Modem
takes control of the telephone
line to establish a data link.

FLASHES when a data bit is
sent to the V.34 Modem by
the computer.

FLASHES when a data bit is
received from the phone line,
or when the modem sends

result codes to the computer.

ON when the modem receives
a data terminal ready signal
from the computer via the RS-
232 cable.

ON when the modem receives
a valid data signal (carrier)
from a remote modem. Ready
for data transmission.

Installation

24

2.8 Testing the Connection

1. If you are using a telephone, check for a dial tone using
the telephone handset. If a dial tone is heard, continue
with the next step. If you do not hear a dial tone, check
the connections you made in 2.4 Preparing the Modem,
or refer to Troubleshooting (Section Four).

2. Your communications software should already be
loaded as instructed in 2.5 or 2.6. Most communications
programs when started are in command mode. Refer to
the program’s documentation for additional
information.

3. Type in the command ATZ followed by ENTER and the
V.34 Modem will respond with OK. If the V.34 Modem
does not respond with OK, refer to the Troubleshooting
section of this manual.

4. Start your communications software and
enter terminal mode; AT commands typed in
at the DOS prompt will result in a “Bad
command or file name” message. Type ATH1
followed by ENTER and you should hear a
dial tone from the speaker on the modem.

5. Type ATH followed by ENTER to put the
modem on hook. This confirms that the V.34 Modem
has been successfully installed into the computer.

6. Your V.34 Modem is now ready for use. Continue now
with your communications software and
documentation.

v.34 BOCAMODEM

25

Section Three: Installation (Internal Model)

This section explains how to install the Boca Research
internal V.34 Modem in your computer.

3.1 The Contents of Your Package

Verify that your modem package contains the following
items:

INTERNAL COMMUNICATIONS INSTALLATION
V.34 MODEM SOFTWARE & MANUAL MANUAL

RJ-11 CABLE

If any items are missing or damaged, contact the vendor
from whom you purchased the modem for assistance

Installation

26

3.2 Communication Settings

The V.34 Modem can be configured as COM1, COM2,
COM3, or COM4. The default setting for the modem is
COM3 using IRQ5. The modem cannot share the same
interrupt with any other device.

One way to avoid interrupt-sharing is to select a non-
standard interrupt (i.e., IRQ) if it is available, such as
IRQ5. However, the communications software must be
able to select this non-standard interrupt as well.

1. Run COMCHECK to determine how many serial ports
are already installed in your system. Insert any diskette
into your floppy drive and type: A:\COMCHECK or
B:\COMCHECK. Follow all on-screen instructions.

2. Remove the V.34 Modem from its anti-static bag,
handling it by its edges and metal retaining bracket. Be
careful not to touch the edge connector or any
components on the modem card. If necessary, change
the jumpers on the modem for the next available port
based on directions from COMCHECK. See the
illustration on the next page for assistance in jumper
settings.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

27

Your modem has been given a
default setting of COM3/IRQ5.
Frequently in today’s systems,
COM1 and COM2 have already
been assigned to other devices.
Make sure you run the
COMCHECK program which
came with the modem to avoid
conflicts with other devices
already in your system. Insert
any diskette into your floppy
drive and type:

A:\COMCHECK or
B:\COMCHECK

35

WINDOWS 3.1 USERS:

When an internal modem uses non-standard setting such as
COM3/IRQ5, you must go into Windows Control Panel and change
the address settings.

Select Ports..., then Settings...,
then Advanced. Make sure COM3
is set to a Base I/O Port Address
of 03E8 and the IRQ is set to
IRQS.

Installation

28

3.3 Installing the V.34 Modem

This subsection provides step-by-step instructions for
installing your internal V.34 Modem.

1. Power off your computer and disconnect any attached
devices and power cords.

2. Remove the computer’s cover and locate an available 8-
or 16-bit expansion slot. Remove that expansion slot
cover and save the screw.

3. Carefully insert the modem into the expansion slot

applying pressure to the upper metal edge until snaps
into place.

4. Secure the modem card into place by aligning its metal
retaining bracket with the hole in the top edge of the
system’s rear panel. Fasten the metal bracket with the
screw removed earlier from the expansion slot cover.

5. Replace the system cover.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

29

3.4 Connecting the Phone Line

An RJ-11 cable is provided with the purchase of your
modem. This sub-section contains information you will
need before you connect the telephone line to the modem.
It also explains how to make the proper connections from
the modem to your telephone line.

Before you connect the telephone line to the modem, you
should familiarize yourself, if you haven’t done so
already, with the information provided in the Appendix of
this manual concerning FCC and telephone company
regulatory requirements.

1. Make sure that your computer is still powered down.
Plug either end of the RJ-11 cable provided with the
modem into the LINE jack on the modem board.

Wall jack

RJ-11 line

LINE jack

Installation

30

2. If a phone is connected to the telephone wall jack,
unplug the phone cable. Then plug the other end of the
modem cable into the telephone wall jack.

3. To continue using the phone, connect the phone cable
into the PHONE jack on the modem board.

To phone (RJ-11 line)

V.34 BOCAMODEM

31

3.5 Windows 3.1 Users

1. Run COMCHECK a second time to verify the
installation of your modem. Insert the diskette
containg the COMCHECK program and type:
A:\COMCHECK or B:\COMCHECK.

NOTE: If Windows automatically boots up an application
when your computer is turned on, you must close that

application before the COMCHECK Installation Screen can
be viewed.

2. Follow the on-screen instructions. COMCHECK will
automatically start Windows to allow the installation of
your communications software. You may install the

software at this time or you may use your existing
communications software.

3. To install your communications software without
running COMCHECK, insert the appropriate diskette
and from the Windows File Menu, select Run. Then

type A:\SETUP (or B:\SETUP) and follow all on-screen
instructions.

Command Line:

a’\setup|

oO Run Minimized

Refer to the communications software manual should
you need assistance. The software will test your

modem as part of the software installation process.

Installation

32

3.6 Windows 95 Users
1. Select Start... Control Panel... Add New Hardware....

2. Continue selecting Next... to allow Windows 95 to
detect the new hardware in your system and check Yes
after hardware detection.

3. Select Details.... Then select Communications Port....
Windows 95 should have found a communications
port. If not, verify the modem has been physically
installed with no conflicts.

NOTE: If you need to reconfigure the board, re-select
Control Panel... System... Device Manager. Refer to

your Windows 95 documentation on changing
properties of devices using the Device Manager.

4. Select Finish.
5. Return to the Control Panel...

Select Modems...if there are no modems installed in
your computer, and go to step 6.

If there is a modem installed, a Modem Properties
screen is displayed. Select Add...

V.34 BOCAMODEM

33

6. Make sure the following option is checked: “Don’t
Detect my modem; I will select it from a list”.

7. From the Install New Modem screen, choose “Boca
Research” as a modem manufacturer. Then select the
model (“Boca 28.8Kbps V.34 MV.341”).

Install Hew Modem

ral
aa

{Boca Research | g]

8. Select your modem. Then select Next.... Select the COM
port setting chosen in section 3.2 in the manual. Then
select Next.... These settings must match.

9. Select Finish.

Installation

34

3.7 Testing the Connection

1.

Zi

Z.

. Start your communications software and enter

Power on the computer.

If you are using a telephone, check for a dial tone using
the telephone handset. If a dial tone is heard, continue.
If you do not hear a dial tone, check the connections
you made in the previous subsection, or refer to
Troubleshooting (Section Four).

. Install your communications software and place it in

command mode. Refer to the software manual for
additional information.

terminal mode; AT commands typed at the
DOS prompt will result in a “Bad Command
or File Name” message. Type in ATZ followed
by ENTER and the modem will respond with
OK after a few seconds. If the modem does
not respond OK, refer to Troubleshooting
(Section Four).

Type ATH1 followed by ENTER and you should hear a
dial tone from the modem speaker. To adjust speaker
volume, refer to your communications software, or use
the ATL command.

. Type ATH followed by ENTER to put the modem “c:n-

hook”. This confirms that the modem has been
successfully installed into the computer.

Your V.34 internal modem is now ready for use.
Continue now with your communications software and
documentation.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

35

Section Four: Troubleshooting

This section lists common problems that may be
encountered and their possible solutions.

SYMPTOM

No dial tone.

Modem will not
connect to
another modem.

No response
when you type
in AT commands

POSSIBLE REMEDY

Verify that you have cables
plugged in correctly as instructed
in Section Two or Three.

Connect a telephone set directly to
the wall jack and check for a dial
tone. If no dial tone is heard, the
telephone line is not working.
Contact the telephone company.

Check the connections between the
modem and the computer, and the
modem and the telephone line.

Make sure the telephone jack is
operational as described above.

The telephone line may be in use
at a different extension.

Perhaps the number you have
called does not reach a modem, or
the remote modem may not be set
up to respond.

There may be a conflicting port
address. Re-configure the modem’s
COM port address (INTERNAL
MODEL ONLY).

Troubleshooting

SYMPTOM

No response
when you type
in AT
commands
(contd)

AT commands
not visible.

After data
connection is
established,
data is
displayed as
garbled
characters.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

POSSIBLE REMEDY

Verify that the communication software
is set to the same communications port
where your modem is attached (e.g.,
COM1, COM2). Check IRQ settings in
your software and on the modem.

Check your serial cable connection
(EXTERNAL MODEL ONLY).

Try typing AT&F to reset the modem
to its factory defaults.

Move the modem to another serial
port (power down the host computer
first). If the modem works after being
moved, it’s likely the problem is not
with the modem.

Make sure the echo command is set to
ON. Change to echo with the ATE
command.

Make sure the local (yours) and
remote modem configurations are
compatible.

Turn off your modem (EXTERNAL),
exit, and re-run your communication
software.

Verify that both modems are operating
with the same settings, speed, data,
parity, and stop bits.

The software may not be set for correct
terminal emulation. Configure software
to correct type. ANSI terminal
emulation is most commonly used.

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE REMEDY

Garbled characters Power down your system
(contd) (INTERNAL) and re-run your

communications software. Check
software settings.

Exit the communications
program and restart it.

The modem does You may not have enabled auto-
not answer an answer. Use your software to
incoming call. enable this function.

If you have an answering
machine, it may be answering
before the modem can. Turn the
answering machine off, or, use the
software to set auto-answer to
respond in fewer rings than the
answering machine.

Modem Check for any loose connections.

disconnects while

on-line. Re-try the connection by dialing

the number several times. You
may be experiencing line
interference.

An incoming call may have
broken the connection if a call-
waiting feature was enabled.
Disable call-waiting and try again.

Troubleshooting

SYMPTOM

I am having trouble
getting my init
string to work.

Connection Errors

V.34 BOCAMODEM

POSSIBLE REMEDY

Init strings are primarily
personal preferences. Use the
most basic one that can get the
job done. See Installation Hints,
page 11. An &Q6 (which disables
error control) is optional.

Try connecting at a lower-speed
(e.g., 9600 or 2400bps).

Turn off error correction/
compression with an AT&Q6%CO0
command.

Ne, poor line conditions may

prohibit connection. Have your
phone company test your lines.

Verify that the modem at the
other end is up to date and
compliant with current CCITT
and Bell standards.

SYMPTOM POSSIBLE REMEDY

Problem = Some on-line services require that

Connecting to On- your modem be configured to run

line subscription with error correction and data

services. compression turned OFF. The
easiest way to accomplish this is by
using the command AT&Q6 and
setting the communication software
to the correct baud rate for the
service you are calling (e.g., 2400,
9600bps). If you still have problems
connecting, try forcing the modem
to connect up at the slower speed
with the commands
AT&Q6NO0S3756 for 2400 baud, and
AT&Q6NO0S37=9 for 9600 baud
services.

Download Make sure the AT&R!1 is set in
terminates your active profile.

abnormally.

Troubleshooting

40

Appendix A: Command/Protocol Overview

In most cases, your communications software will set and
control the operation of your modem. Following is a brief
survey of the most commonly used Hayes-compatible AT
commands for use with your modem. In addition, we’ve
also provided information on extended AT command sets, S-
Registers, and commands and registers for high-level
protocols such as MNP, V.42/V.42bis, and V.32/V.32bis.

It will rarely be necessary to use ‘AT’ commands and S-
Registers in command mode. We include them here for more
advanced users who may prefer command mode operation,
or require special settings. See pages 58-84 for additional
details.

Hayes-compatible commands consist of a basic command
set and an extended command set. The basic set involves
functions such as dialing a number, or putting the modem
on-hook (i.e., replacing the telephone handset).

Extended commands allow more sophisticated control of the
modem such as transmission speed, or initiating high-level
functions like data compression or error correction. These
functions are defined and controlled by the available
protocols mentioned above. A protocol is a set of standards
by which data communications operate.

Every AT command includes an “AT” prefix, followed
immediately by the command and, in many cases, additional
parameters. Multiple commands can be entered at the same
time from your communications software.

AT Command[parameter) [parameter] ...
PRESS ENTER

V.34 BOCAMODEM

41

Example: ATH or ATH tells the modem to disconnect

Extended commands were developed to provide greater
functionality and control over modem operations. Their
format is the same as the basic command except that an
additional parameter is required following the AT prefix
and before the numerical parameter. This additional
parameter comes in three different forms:

the ampersand (&) character: extended AT command

the backslash (\) character: extended AT command for MNP

extended AT command for V.42/V.42bis

the percent (%) character:

Examples: AT&V tells the modem to display (view) its
current configuration and user profile.

AT\G1 enables flow control. Flow control compensates
for the difference between the rate at which data reaches a
device and the rate at which the device processes and
transmits.

AT%E1 tells the modem to monitor line quality and
request a “retrain” (adjustment) to the connection.

S-Registers

Modem command “language” also employs a set of
indicators or registers, which are various numerical values
all with a standard “S” prefix, hence S-Registers. To a large
extent, the values defined in the S-Registers regulate the
operation of the modem and the function of some
commands in the AT command set.

Command/Protocol Reference

42

Example: S-Register 6, or S6=n, defines the length of time
the modem will wait for a dial tone. In this case the
acceptable range is 3-6 (in seconds) with a default value of
5. With S6=3, the modem will wait three seconds for a dial
tone when going off-hook before dialing the first digit of
its telephone number.

Data Communication Protocols

This can be more than a little confusing. These protocols
represent various domestic and international standards
which enhance modem performance and reliability. The
protocols are activated and controlled by a variety of
extended AT commands and S-Registers.

MNP stands for Microcom Networking Protocol and is a
protocol developed by Microcom for full-duplex, error-
free communications. This protocol detects and corrects
errors which can result from telephone line noise and
other signal distortions. There are several classes of MNP
operation also referred to as service classes. Class 5
maximizes data transfer rate and provides compression
which can significantly increase data throughput.

The “V-Dot” standards are more numerous, but have a
single origin: the International Telecommunications Union
Telecommunications Standards Sector (formerly the
Consulting Committee for International and Telephone
and Telegraph or CCITT). Some of the lower-level
standards such as V.21 and V.22 have “domestic”
equivalents as developed by the former Bell System, also
referred to as Bell standards. The “V.Dot” standards may
be summarized as shown on the following page.

v.34 BOCAMODEM

43

V.21

V.22

The CCITT standard for 300bps communications.
Domestic modems follow the Bell 103 standard,
but V.21 can accept international calls at 300bps.

The CCITT standard for 1200bps communications.
The domestic equivalent is the Bell 212A standard.

V.22bis The CCITT standard for 2400bps.

V.23

V.24

V.32

CCITT for 1200bps with a 75bps back channel. This is
mostly used in Europe and South America.

CCITT serial interface standard (ELA/RS232-D).

CCITT standard for 9600bps and 4800bps
communications.

V.32bis CCITT standard for an extensive range of high-speed

V.42

modems operating at 14,400bps, 12Kbps, 9600bps,
7200bps, and 4800bps.

CCITT standard for detection and negotiation for
LAPM (Link Access Procedure for Modems) error
control. V.42 will also support MNP levels 2-4.

V.42bis An extension of V.42 specifying the data compression

V.FC

V.34

protocol for use with V.42.
A Rockwell International-sponsored protocol. It can
operate up to 28,800bps for data and 14,400bps for

send/receive fax.

ITU-TSS protocol. It can operate up to 28,800bps for
data and 14,400bps for send/receive fax.

Command/Protocol Reference

“ha

Appendix B: Hardware Diagnostics

The V.34 modem includes several tests which evaluate the
operation of the modem, its connection to the local DTE,
and the communications link between the local and
remote modems. Use of these tests requires setup of
internal registers and may also require the use of two
modems and a central office line simulator. A thorough
knowledge of modem operation and registers is needed
for their use and should not be undertaken lightly.

Local Analog Loopback Test
This test verifies the path between the local modem and
the PC.

jak

. Set the DTE speed from 1200 to 28,800 bits per second.
If the speed is less than 1200 or greater than 28,800 the
test WILL NOT operate and a result code of ERROR
will be generated if any tests are attempted.

2. Make sure the modem is in command mode (no
connection made).

3. Issue an AT&QO0 command to the modem. This sets the
modem to the direct mode.

4. Set the timer register (S18) for desired test time (in

seconds). Example: “ATS18=10” provides for a 10
second test.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

45

5. To begin the test, type AT&T1 [ENTER]. The modem

should respond with a CONNECT message.

6. After the number of seconds specified in S18, the

modem will terminate the test and respond with “OK”.

Local Analog Loopback Test with Self-Test
This test verifies the integrity of the local modem’s
transmit and receive circuits.

1.

Set the DTE speed from 1200 to 28,800 bits per second.
If the speed is less than 1200 or greater than 28,800 the
test WILL NOT operate and a result code of ERROR
will be generated if any of the tests are attempted.

Make sure the modem is in command mode (no
connection made).

. Issue an AT&Q0 command to the modem. This sets the

modem to the direct mode.

. Set timer register (S18) for desired test time (in

seconds). Example: “ATS18=10” provides for a 10
second test.

. To begin, type AT&T8 [ENTER]. The modem responds

with OK.

6. After the number of seconds specified in $18, the

modem should respond with 000 (meaning 0 errors
were found during the self test).

Hardware Diagnostics

46

Remote Digital Loopback Test

1. Set the DTE speed from 1200 to 28,800 Bits per second.
If the speed is less than 1200 or greater than 28,800 the
test WILL NOT operate and a result code of ERROR
will be generated if the test is attempted.

The baud rate is also limited to the highest baud rate
supported by the telephone line (28,800bps modulation
is possible if the telephone line is without distortion and
noise free). If the telephone line has problems, bring the
baud rate down to 9600 or 2400. If the line quality is too
poor, use a line simulator to run this test.

2. Issue an AT&Q0 command to the local modem. This
sets the modem to the direct mode.

3. Issue an AT&Q0 command to the remote modem, also
setting it to the direct mode.

4. Issue an AT&T4 to the remote modem. This instructs
the remote modem to grant a request for a remote
digital loop back test.

5. Issue an ATSO=1 to the remote modem which allows it
to auto-answer the incoming call.

6. Set the timer register (S18) of the local modem for

desired test time (in seconds). Example: “ATS18=10”
provides for a 10 second test.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

47

7. Issue a dial command to the local modem to instruct it
to call the remote modem. Wait until the two modems
have established a connection.

8. Type the escape sequence +++ to revert to command
mode. The modem will respond with OK.

9. To start the test, type AT&T6 [ENTER]. The modem will
return a CONNECT response if the loopback data link
has been successfully completed, and an ERROR
response if the link has failed. If a CONNECT response
was received, key in a text message and it will echo on
the screen.

Remote Digital Loopback Test with Self-test

1. Set the DTE speed from 1200 to 28,800 bits per second.
If the speed is less than 1200 or greater than 28,800 the
test WILL NOT operate and a result code of ERROR
will be generated if the test is attempted.

The baud rate is also limited to the highest baud rate
supported by the telephone line (28,800 is possible if the
telephone line is without distortion and noise free). If
the telephone line has problems, bring the baud rate
down to 9600 or 2400. If the line quality is too poor, use
a line simulator to run this test.

2. Issue an AT&Q0 command to the local modem. This
sets the modem to the direct mode.

Hardware Diagnostics

48

3. Issue an AT&Q0 command to the remote modem, also
setting it to the direct mode.

4. Issue an AT&T4 to the remote modem. This instructs
the remote modem to grant a request for a remote
digital loop-back test with self test.

5. Issue an ATSO=1 to allow the remote modem to auto-
answer the incoming call.

6. Set timer register (S18) of the local modem for desired
test time (in seconds). Example: “ATS18=10” provides
for a 10 second test.

7. Issue a dial command to the local modem to instruct it
to call the remote modem. Wait until the two modems
have established a connection.

8. Type the escape sequence (+++) to revert to the
command mode. The modem will respond with OK.

9. Type AT&T7 [ENTER] to initiate the remote digital
loopback test. The local modem will send a test pattern
to the remote modem. This pattern will not be visible on
the screen.

10. The modem will then send a three-digit value,
indicating the number of errors detected during testing.

If the result is 000, no errors were found.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

49

Appendix C: Technical Specifications

Modem Data Rate: 28.8K, 26.4K, 24K 21.6K, 19.2K, 16.8K, 14.4K,
12K, 9600, 7200, 4800, 2400, 1200, or 300bps
Fax Data Rate: 14.4K, 12K, 9600, 7200, 4800, 2400bps
Protocol Compatibility:
CCITT: CCITT: V.34 (28.8Kbps), V.32bis
(ITU-TSS) (14.4Kbps), V.32 (9600bps), V.42,
V.22 (2400bps), V.21 (1200bps)

Bell: Bell 212A (1200bps), Bell 103
(300bps)

Rockwell: V.FC

Fax Modulation Protocols

V.17 (14.4Kbps) transmit and receive

V.29 (9600/7200bps) transmit and receive
V.27 ter (4800/2400bps) transmit and receive
V.21 channel 2 (300bps) transmit and receive

V.42/MNP2-4 and V.42bis/MNP5 support

LED Status

Indicators: TM, AA, HS, OH, SD, RD, TR, CD

(EXTERNAL)

Diagnostics: = Local/remote digital and analog loopback.
m= Automatic power-on self-test.

Dimensions:

EXTERNAL: 7 1/4" x 5 3/8" x 1 1/4"
INTERNAL: 4 1/4" x 4 1/8"

Operating Temperature Requirements:

Dry Bulb Temperature: 10-40° C (50-1049 F)
Relative Humidity: 8-80%
Storage: 1-60° C (33.8-140° F)

Specifications

50

Appendix D: Compliance Information
FCC Statement:

“This device complies with part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is
subject to the following two conditions:

(1) This device may not cause harmful interference.
(2) This device must accept any interference received including
interference that may cause undesired operation.

THIS UNIT COMPLIES WITH FCC PART 68 AS OF DATE OF
MANUFACTURE.

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits
for a Clas B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of FCC rules. These
limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed in
accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that
interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television
reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and
on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or
more of the following measures:

¢ Re-orient or relocate the receiving antennae.

° Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

¢ Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that
to which the receiver is connected.

¢ Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Note: This unit was tested with shielded cables on the peripheral
devices. Shielded cables must be used with the unit to insure
compliance.

Note: The manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or TV
interference caused by unauthorized modifications to this equipment.
Such modifications could void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment.”

V.34 BOCAMODEM

51

Notification to the Telephone Company

Notification to the telephone company is no longer required prior to
connecting the registered equipment but upon request from the
telephone company the user shall tell the telephone company which
line the equipment is connected to as well as the registration number
and the ringer equivalence of the registered protective circuitry. In
most, but not all areas, the sum of all RENs should be 5.0 or less. The
FCC Registration number and Ringer Equivalence number are printed
on the main chip in the center of the internal modem board, or on the
underside of the external modem.

Malfunction of the Equipment

In the event that the MODEM should fail to operate properly, the
customer shall disconnect the equipment from the telephone line to
determine if it is the customer’s equipment which is not working
properly, or if the problem is with the MODEM, the user shall
discontinue use until it is repaired. In the event service is needed the
user should contact the vendor from whom you purchased the
MODEM.

Telephone Connection Requirements

Except for telephone company-provided ringers, all connections to
the telephone network shall be made through standard plugs and
standard telephone company-provided jacks, or equivalent, in such a
manner as to allow for easy and immediate disconnection of the
terminal equipment. Standard jacks shall also be arranged that, if the
plug connected thereto is withdrawn, no interference to the operation
of the equipment at the customer’s premises which remains
connected to the telephone network, shall occur by reason of such
withdrawal.

Incidence of Harm

Should terminal equipment or protective circuitry cause harm to the
telephone network, the telephone company shall, where practical,
notify the customer that temporary discontinuance of service may be
required; however, where prior notices are not practical, the telephone
company may temporarily discontinue service if such action is
deemed reasonable in the circumstances. In the case of such
temporary discontinuance, the telephone company shall promptly
notify customers and will be given the right to bring a complaint to
the FCC if they feel the disconnection is not warranted.

Compliance Information

52

Changes in Telephone Company Equipment or
Facilities

The telephone company may make changes in its communications
facilities, equipment, operations, or procedures, where such action is
reasonably required and proper in its business. Should any such
changes render the customer’s terminal equipment incompatible with
the telephone company facilities, the customer shall be given adequate
notice to make modifications to maintain uninterrupted service.

General

The FCC prohibits customer-provided terminal equipment be
connected to party lines or to be used in conjunction with coin
telephone service.

Installation
The MODEM is equipped with a USOC RJ-11 standard miniature
modular jack and is designed to plug directly into a modular jack.

DOC Compliance Statement (Canada)

The Canadian Department of Communications label identifies
certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets
certain telecommunications network protective operational and safety
requirements. The Department does not guarantee the equipment will
operate to the user’s satisfaction.

Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is
permissible to be connected to the facilities of the local
telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed
using an acceptable method of connection. In some cases, the
company’s inside wiring associated with a single line individual
service may be extended by means of a certified connector assembly
(telephone extension cord). The customer should be aware that
compliance with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of
service in some situations.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

53

Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized
Canadian maintenance facility designated by the supplier. Any repairs
or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment
malfunction, may give the telecommunications company cause to
request the user to disconnect the equipment.

Users should ensure, for their own protection, that the electrical
ground connections of the power utility, telephone lines, and internal
metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This
precaution may be particularly important in rural areas.

CAUTION Users should not attempt to make such connections
themselves, but should contact the appropriate electric inspection
authority or electrician, as appropriate.

The Load Number (LN) assigned to each terminal device denotes the
percentage of the total load to be connected to a telephone loop which
is used by the device to prevent overloading. The termination on a
loop may consist of any combination of devices subject only to the
requirement that the total of the load numbers of all the devices does
not exceed 100. The Load number appears on the underside of the
V.34 Modem.

To be installed in UL-listed and CSA-certified computers

with instructions on how to add/remove expansion cards.

Compliance Information

54

Appendix E: Warranty Information

Limited Warranty

Boca Research, Inc. (BRI) warrants to the original buyer of this BRI product that the
hardware is free of defects in materials and workmanship for a period of five (5) years
from the date of purchase from BRI or its authorized dealer. Should the product fail to be in
good working order at any time during the five-year period, BRI, will at its option, repair
or replace this product as described below. This warranty does not cover defects resulting
from misuse, abuse, negligence, accident, repairs, or alterations made by either the
customer or another party. Boca Research reserves full rights to determine whether a
defective product falls into this category.

The entire risk as to the quality and performance of the product rests with the customer.
Any written or oral information or advice given by Boca Research dealers, distributors,
agents, or employees will in no way increase the scope of this warranty. This warranty
applies only to the product described in this manual and not to any other value-added
software which may be included.

All products will be serviced and returned via UPS-ground at no charge to customers.

All customers are required to demonstrate proof of purchase when requesting a Return
Merchandise Authorization (RMA). The period of service commences on the date of
purchase. A copy of the sales slip must be included with the returned merchandise.

Products which require Limited Warranty service during the warranty period should be
delivered to BRI at the address in the Appendix (Servicing Your Boca Product) with proof
of purchase and the Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) number provided by BRI
Technical Support. Refer to the Appendix in your manual. Replacement parts or complete
products will be furnished on an exchange basis only. Replaced parts and/or products
become the property of BRI.

If the returned product is sent by mail, the purchaser agrees to prepay shipping charges,
insure the product or assume the risk of loss or damage which may occur in transit, and to
use a shipping container equivalent to the original packaging. ALL EXPRESS AND
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS OF PURPOSE FOR
THE PRODUCT ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO THE ABOVE FIVE- AND ONE-YEAR
PERIODS, RESPECTIVELY.

UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES (WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT OR TORT) SHALL
BOCA RESEARCH BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT,
SPECIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, OR FOR LOSS OF REVENUE, LOSS
OF BUSINESS, OR OTHER FINANCIAL LOSS AS A RESULT OF THE SALE,
INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, USE, PERFORMANCE, FAILURE, OR DISRUPTION
OF ITS PRODUCTS.

Boca Research reserves the right to make periodic changes or enhancements to any Boca
Research product without prior notification, but has no obligation to modify or update
products once sold.

This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you have other rights which may vary
from state to state. This warranty is valid only in the United States.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

55

Appendix F: Servicing Your Boca Product

If your V.34 Modem requires service, first contact the
authorized dealer from whom you purchased the modem. If the
dealer is unable to assist you, and you must contact Boca
Research, Inc., please follow the instructions below.

Our electronic BBS is available 24 hours a day at (407) 241-1601
and will support data transmission speeds up to 28.8Kbps with
settings of N, 8, 1. Once your modem is functional, the BBS
may be helpful (especially during off hours) if you have a
question about product settings, or if you wish to download
special software or utilities.

If the Troubleshooting section (section Four) did not resolve
your problem, you may call our technical support staff for
assistance. If you haven't referred to the Troubleshooting
section, do so now.

NOTE: CALLING TECHNICAL SUPPORT WITHOUT
COMPLETE AND ACCURATE INFORMATION
CONCERNING YOUR PROBLEM MAY BE BOTH TIME-
CONSUMING AND FRUSTRATING FOR YOU.

1. When calling Boca Research Technical Support, have the
following information available:

Board or external unit name and part number
Computer manufacturer

Computer Model

Peripherals in system

Operating system and version

Servicing Your Boca Product

56

If you suspect a problem with a specific program or
software package, make note of the name, version or
release number, and manufacturer of the software.

2. Call our Technical Support Department between the hours of
8:00 a.m. and 6:30 p.m. EST Monday through Friday at (407)
241-8088. A technician will be available to discuss the
problem(s) you are experiencing.

If factory service is required, you will be given a Return
Merchandise Authorization (RMA) number. Please place
this number on the outside of the package when you return
the item(s) for service and reference it on any
correspondence included in the package. Boca Research,
Inc. will return any product which is not accompanied by
an RMA number.

3. Refer to the Warranty Statement if the product is covered
under the five-year Boca Research, Inc. Limited Warranty.

4. Certain parts will not be covered under the Boca Research,
Inc. Limited Warranty. Dealer installed parts are warranted
by the dealer. Parts which you have installed yourself are
covered only by the supplier’s warranties. In these cases,
Boca Research, Inc. can identify which parts are defective,
but will not replace such parts until specific written
authorization is received from you. The cost of parts and
labor involved in making such repairs will be billed to you
oy] Gi DS

5. When sending the V.34 Modem to Boca Research, Inc. for
repairs, please be sure to include:

V.34 BOCAMODEM

57

the V.34 modem (board or external case only)
a copy of the original invoice

your return street address (for UPS purposes)
phone number

the RMA number mentioned above

Package the product securely in a container equivalent to the
original packaging, and insure the package to protect against
loss or damage during transit. Shipping charges must be
prepaid; C.O.D. shipments will not be accepted. Please use the
address below for all correspondence:

Boca Research, Inc.
RMA Department - RMA #
1601 Clint Moore Road
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2841

6. If the repairs performed on your modem were covered by the
warranty, Boca Research, Inc. will return it prepaid via UPS.

Servicing Your Boca Product

58

Command Reference

BASIC AT COMMANDS (default values are highlighted)

Command Description

AT Attention characters

ATA Answer command

A/ Re-Execute last command
Dial Modifi

Dial Options Description
ATD DIMF digits

0-9

L Re-dial last number.

P Pulse (rotary) dial. 10 pulses per
second.

T Touch tone dial (DTMF).

WwW Wait for dial tone for 1-255 seconds.
Default is 50 seconds (this value is set
by the S7 register).

" (Comma) Pause for 0-255 seconds.
Default is 2 seconds (this value is set by
the SO register.

@ Wait for quiet answer.

Initiate hook flash.

; Return to command state after
dialing.

he Disable calling tone.

S=n Dial stored number. (See AT&Z). n=0-3.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

59

Command Description

ATEO Disables echoing of the commands to the screen.

ATE1 Enables echoing of the commands to the screen.
(default)

Switch Hook Control

ATHO Instructs modem to go on-hook.

ATHI1 Instructs modem to go off-hook.

ATIO Displays the product identification code.

ATI1 Displays the checksum.

ATI2 Displays ROM checksum as OK or ERROR.

ATI3 Displays the firmware revision level.

ATI4 Reports OEM-defined identifier string.

ATI5 Reports country code.

ATI6 Reports modem data pump model.

Speaker volume

ATLO Low volume.

ATL1 Low volume. (default)

ATL2 Medium volume.

ATL3 High volume.

Speaker control
ATMO Disables the modem speaker.

ATM1 Turns speaker on until carrier has been detected.
(default)

ATM2 Speaker is always on.

ATM3 Speaker is on when receiving carrier and during

dialing, but off during answering.

60

Command Description

Automode enable
ATNO Requires speed of the connection be that specified
by the value of S37.

ATN1 Permits handshaking at any speed supported by
both modems. (default)

Return to on line state mode

ATOO Switches the modem from command mode to on-
line mode without dialing.

ATO1 Switches from command mode to on-line mode and

initiates an equalizer retrain sequence. d

Mode responses

ATQO Enables result codes to be issued to the screen.
(default)

ATQ1 Disables result codes to be issued to the screen.

Result code format
ATVO Numeric format.
ATV1 Verbal format. (default)

ATWO Error correction call progress not reported.
(default)

ATW1 Call progress reported.

ATW2 Call progress not reported. Connect xxxx message

reports DCE speed (e.g., CONNECT 28800).

v.34 BOCAMODEM

61

Command Description

Extended result codes

ATXO Disables monitoring of busy tones unless forced
otherwise by country requirements; sends only OK,
CONNECT, RING, NO CARRIER, ERROR and NO
ANSWER result codes.

ATX1 Disables monitoring of busy tones unless forced
otherwise by country requirements; sends only OK,
CONNECT, RING, NO CARRIER, ERROR, NO
ANSWER and CONNECT XXXxX result codes.

ATX2 Disables monitoring of busy tones unless forced
otherwise by country requirements; sends only OK,
TONE, NO ANSWER and CONNECT XXxXxX result
codes.

ATX3 Enables monitoring of busy tones; sends only OK,
CONNECT, RING, NO CARRIER, ERROR, NO
DIALTONE, NO ANSWER and CONNECT XXXx.

ATX4 Enables monitoring of busy tones and sends all
messages. (default)

ATYO Disables long space disconnect. (default)

ATY1 Enables long space connect.

ATZO Restores stored profile 0. (default)

ATZI1 Restores stored profile 1.

Escape Characters

+++ The escape characters are known as +++. They will

switch from on-line mode to command mode while
preserving the connection with the on line modem.

62

Extended AT Commands
Command Description

t
AT&CO Forces DCD signal to be on at all times. (default)
AT&C1 DCD on indicates presence of data carrier.

Data terminal ready (DTR) signal. Interprets the ON to OFF
transition of the DTR signal from the DTE according to the &Q
settings.

AT&DO0 &Q0,5,6. DTR ignored.
&Q1A. Modem hangs up; auto answer not affected.
&Q2,3. Modem hangs up; auto answer inhibited.
(default)
AT&D1 &Q0,1,4-6. Asynchronous escape sequence.
&Q2,3. Modem hangs up; auto answer inhibited.
AT&D2 &QQ0-6. Modem hangs up; auto answer inhibited.
AT&D3 &Q0,1,4-6. Modem does a soft reset as if the ATZ
command were received;
&Q2,3. Modem hangs up; auto answer inhibited.

AT&F Recalls factory defaults. Instructs the modem to use
the factory set parameters.

DTE/Modem flow control

AT&KO Disable flow control.

AT&K3 Enable RTS/CTS (default for data mode)

AT&K4 Enable XON/XOFF.

AT&K5 Enable transport XON/XOFF.

AT&K6 Enable both RTS/CTS and XON/XOFF
(default for FAX mode)

V.34 BOCAMODEM

63

|S at EL IBS EO ET

Note on Flow Control. XON/XOFF is a software-based flow control
method, using standard ASCII control characters to pause or resume
data transmission. RTS/CTS pacing, a hardware-based method, uses
an electrical signal. Signals are exchanged as follows:

RECEIVER TRANSMITTER

CTS ON START SENDING

CTS ON € RTS ON (ready to send)
CTS OFF => RTS OFF (stop sending)

Command Description

Select pulse dial make/! k rat

AT&PO Selects a make/break ratio of 39/61 at 10pps.
US and Canada. (default)

AT&P1 Selects a make/break ratio of 33/67 at 10pps.
UK and Hong Kong.

AT&P2 Same as 0 except at 20pps.

AT&P3 Same as 1 except at 20pps.

Asynchronous mode

AT&Q0 Direct Asynchronous mode.

AT&Q5 Modem negotiates an error-corrected link.
(default)

AT&Q6 _ Selects asynchronous operation in normal mode
(i.e. speed buffering).

t
AT&RO Not supported.
AT&R1 CTS will drop if required by flow control (default).

Data Set Ready (DSR) signal

AT&SO0 Causes DSR signal to be active at all times.
(default)

AT&S1 Causes DSR signal to be active according to the
CCITT specification.

hihi

Command Description

i ti
AT&TO Terminates any test in progress.
AT&T1 Executes the local analog loopback test.
AT&T3 Executes the local digital loopback test.
AT&T4 Enables the modem to accept a request from a
remote modem for a digital loopback test.
(default)
AT&T5 Instructs the modem to deny a request from a
remote modem for a digital loopback test.
AT&T6 Executes the remote digital loopback test.
AT&T7 Executes the remote digital loopback test with a self

test.

AT&T8 Executes the remote analog loopback test with a
self test.

AT&V View current configuration and user profile.

Store user profile. Saves the current configuration into non-

volatile RAM as one of two user profiles.
AT&W0 Saves as user profile 0.
AT&WI1 Saves as user profile 1.

AT&Y0 Selects user profile 0.
AT&Y1 Selects user profile 1.

if
AT&Z0= Stores a 45 digit dial string.
AT&Z1= Stores a 45 digit dial string.
AT&Z2= Stores a 45 digit dial string.
AT&Z3= Stores a 45 digit dial string.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

65

MNP Operation

The V.34 Modem supports all of the preceding classes. The
following AT Commands apply to the MNP protocol. Default
values are highlighted.

ize. Use this command to transmit
smaller blocks of data in a reliable data link connection.

AT\AO set maximum block size to 64 characters.

AT\AI1 set maximum block size to 128 characters.
(DEFAULT)

AT\A2 set maximum block size to 192 characters.

AT\A3 set maximum block size to 256 characters.

Transmit Break. When this command is entered during a non-
MNP connection, a break signal is sent to the remote modem.
The length of the break is 100 times the n parameter (1-9) in
milliseconds. The default is 3.

AT\B3 (DEFAULT)

Modem to Modem Flow Control. Enables or disables modem
to modem flow control during a normal mode connection. This
command is ignored when error correction is selected.

AT\GO Disables flow control (KON/XOFF) (DEFAULT)
AT\G1 Enables flow control (KON/XOFF)

66

Break Control. Determines the modem response when a
BREAK is received from the DTE or the remote modem. The
values of the parameters vary based on the three following
conditions:

(1) When a break is received from the DTE during NORMAL or
MNP mode:

AT\KO, 2,4 modem enters command mode without sending
a break to the remote modem.

AT\K1 modem clears the terminal and modem buffers
and sends a break to the remote modem.
AT\K3 modem does not clear the buffers, but sends a

break to the remote modem.
AT\K5 modem sends a break to the remote modem in
sequence with any transmitted data. (DEFAULT)

(2) When a break is received from the remote modem during
NORMAL mode:

AT\KO,1 modem clears the terminal and modem buffers
and sends a break to the local DTE.

AT\K2,3 modem does not clear the buffers but sends a break
to the local DTE.

AT\K4,5 modem sends a break in sequence with any data
being buffered. (DEFAULT)

(3) When a break is received from the DTE during DIRECT
MODE mode:

AT\KO,1,3_ modem sends a break to the remote modem and
enters command mode.

AT\K2,4,5 modem sends a break to the remote modem.
(DEFAULT)

V.34 BOCAMODEM

67

Error Correction Operating Mode. Selects the operating mode

the modem uses while connected.

AT\NO
AT\NI1
AT\N2

AT\N3

AT\N4
AT\N5

NORMAL (speed buffering) mode.

DIRECT (pass-through) mode.

RELIABLE LINK mode. Specifies error correction
for the modem-to-modem connection
AUTO-RELIABLE LINK mode. Attempts error-
correction connection but will fall back to normal
mode if unable to establish an MNP link.
(default)

LAPM error correction mode.

MNF error correction mode

68

AT Commands for V.42/V.42bis

The following AT commands apply to the V.42/V.42bis
protocol:

Compression Control. Determines whether or not modem will

use data compression.

AT%CO disables data compression

AT%C1 enables MNP5 data compression negotiation

AT%C2 enables V42bis data compression

AT%C3 enables both V.42bis and MNP5 data compression
(DEFAULT)

Auto-retrain. Determines whether or not the modem
automatically monitors the line quality and requests a retrain
when necessary.

AT%EO0 disables line quality monitor auto-retrain

AT%E1 enables line quality monitor auto-retrain

AT%E2 enables line quality monitor auto retrain and auto
fall back/forward. (DEFAULT)

Report Received Signal Level.

AT%L 009 = -9 dBm, 010 = -10dBm, etc. all the way to 043
(-43 dBm)

Line signal and noise are determined by the unit of
measurement dBm (decibel referenced to one milliwatt). To
arrive at a signal/noise ratio, the noise level is subtracted from
signal level in dBm.

v.34 BOCAMODEM

69

AT%Q 009 = -9 dBm, 010 = -10dBm, etc. all the way to 043
(-43 dBm)

ity. Returns a “high-order” byte of the
calculated EQM (“eye quality monitor”). This can range from 0
to 255. When the value is 8 or greater, the modem will
automatically retrain if enabled by the AT%E1 command. The
value for a normal connection ranges from 0 to 2 and
approaches 8 for a progressively poorer connection. Returns an
OK result code.

000 to 007 no retrain
008 to 255 retrain performed if enabled by %E1.

70

AT+MS Command (Modulation Select)

This extended format command selects the modulation,
optionally enables or disables automode, and optionally
specifies the lowest and highest connection rates using from
one to four subparameters. The command format is:

+MS=<mod>[,[<automode>][,[<min_rate>][,[<max_rate>]]]]
The default value as reported by the +MS? command is:
+MS=11,1,300,28800

Note 1: For 14400bps and lower speeds, the Nn command and $37
register can alternatively be used, in which case the +MS
subparameters will be modified to reflect the Nn command and
537=x settings. Use of the Nn and $37=x commands is not
recommended, but is provided for compatibility with existing
communication software. (S37 is not updated by the +MS command).
Note 2: Subparameters not entered (enter a comma only or <CR> to

skip the last subparameter) remain at their current values.

Reporting Selected Options

The modem can send a string of information to the DTE
consisting of selected options: +MS?

The response is:
+MS:<mod>,<automode>,<min_rate>,<max_rate>

Example: +MS: 11, 1, 300, 28800 (shows default values)

V.34 BOCAMODEM

71

Reporting Supported Options

The modem can send a string of information to the DTE
consisting of supported options using the following commands.

+MS=?
The response is:

+MS: (list of supported <mod> values), (list of supported
<automode> values), (list of supported <min_rate> values), list
of supported <max> rate values)

Example:

+MS: (0, 1, 2,3, 9, 10, 11, 64, 69, 74), (0,1) (300-28800), (300-
28800)

Subparameter Definitions

1. <mod> = a decimal number which specifies the preferred
modulation (automode enabled) or the modulation
(automode disabled) to use in originating or answering a
connection. The options are as shown on the following page:

72

<mod>

Modulation
Selected Possible rates (bps)

V.21 300

V.22 1200

V.22bis 2400 or 1200

V.23 1200*

V.32 9600 or 4800

V.32bis 14400, 12000, 9600, 7200, or 4800
V.34 28800, 26400, 24000, 21600,

19200, 16800, 14400, 12000, 9600,
7200, 4800, or 2400 (DEFAULT)
300

1200

28800, 26400, 24000, 21600,
19200, 16800, 14400

Bell 103
Bell 212
V.FC

* For V.23, originating modes transmit at 75bps and receive at 1200bps;
answering modes transmit at 1200bps and receive at 75bps. The rate is always
specified at 1200bps.

The modem may also automatically switch to another
modulation (automode), subject to the following constraints:

= The modem may not be able to automatically switch from
the current modulation (specified by <mod>) to some other
modulation. For example, there is no standard way to
automode from Bell 103 to V.23.

= The DTE may disable automode operation (see <automode>).
m= The DTE may constrain the range of modulations available

by specifying the lowest and highest rates (see <min_rate>
and <max_rate> below).

V.34 BOCAMODEM

73

2. <automode>=an optional numeric value which enables or
disables automatic modulation negotiation. Options are:

<automode> | Option Selected

Automode disabled
Automode enabled

The default value is 1, which enables automode. Note,
however, there are modulations for which there is no automatic
negotiation (e.g., Bell 212 (<mod>=69).

For <automode> = 0 (automode disabled, i.e., fixed
modulation):

a. If <max_rate> is within the rates supported by the selected
modulation, the selected rate is that specified by <max_rate>.

Example: +MS=9,0,1200,4800 selects V.32 4800bps fixed rate.

b. If <max_rate> is greater than the highest speed supported by
the modulation specified by <mod>, the starting rate is the
highest rate supported by the selected modulation.

Example: +MS=9,0,2400,14400 selects V.32 9600 or 4800bps.

c. To emulate N0S37=x command sequence to select fixed mode
operation, specify the <max_rate> and <min_rate> both to be
the same requested speed, and <mod> to be the modulation
for that speed.

74

SS ATR a LE TEE YS LE EE ES
a AA S| ESE CEES EIS SOE REESE SST SSS 6S EAS SSA ISS TO ILE FS FETT SSL SPREE

Example: +MS=11,0,16800,16800 selects V.34 16800bps fixed
mode (no comparable S37 command).

+MS=10,0,12000,12000 selects V.32bis 12000bps
fixed mode (same as N0S37=10).

For <automode> = 1 (automode enabled; i.e., automatically
selected speed and modulation).

a. If <max_rate> is greater than the highest rate supported by
the modulation specified by <mod>, the modem automodes
down from the highest rate of selected modulation.

Example: +MS=10,1,1200,24000 selects automoding down
from V.32bis 14400bps.

b. To emulate N1S37=x sequence command, specify the
modulation and the rate to start automoding down from
using <mod> and <max_rate>, respectively. Set <min_rate>
to 300 to allow automoding all the way down to V.21 300bps.

Example: +MS=11,1,300,16800 selects automode starting at
V.34 16800bps (no comparable S37 command)

+MS=10,1,300,12000 selects automode starting at
V.32bis 12000bps (same as N1S37=10).

3. <min_rate>= is an optional number which specifies the
lowest rate at which the modem may establish a connection.
The value is decimal-coded in units of bps, e.g., 2400
specifies the lowest rate to be 2400bps. The default is 300 for
300 bps.

4. <max_rate>= is an optional number which specifies the
highest rate at which the modem may establish a connection.
The value is decimal-coded in units of bps, e.g., 14400
specifies the highest rate to be 14400bps. The default is 28800
for 28800bps.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

75

S-Registers

This section defines the purpose of the modem registers, and
sequentially lists the registers and describes their functions.
These registers affect various operating characteristics and
allow you to obtain information about the modem, as well as
test the modem. Each register has a factory-set value, which
you can read or change to fit your needs.

Reading a Register Value
To read the current value of a register, type:

AT Sn? [ENTER],

where n is a register number.

AT Sn? Sn? [ENTER] from the command mode.
To read the register values of SO and S1, type
AT S0? S1? [ENTER].

The modem will display the first register value, a carriage
return, the next register value, a carriage return, and OK or 0.

Changing a Register Value

To change a register value, use the Sn command (ATSn=v),
where n is a register number and v is the new value you want
to assign to the register. Type:

AT S0=3 [ENTER]

to have the modem automatically answer on the third ring.

76

The following table lists the modem’s registers and their
functions.

Reg. Range Units Default Definition

S0 0-255 rings 0 Auto-answer
S1 0-255 rings 0 Count incoming rings
$2 0-255 rings 43 Escape character value.

$3 0-127 ASCII 13 Carriage return character.
S4 0-127 ASCII 10 Line feed character.

55 0-255 ASCII 8 Backspace character.

S6 2-255 seconds 2 Wait time for Blind Dialing.
57 1-255 seconds 50 Wait for carrier after dial.
58 0-255 seconds 2 Pause time for dial delay.

s9 1-255 seconds 6/10 Carrier detect.

$10 1-255 seconds 14 (1.4) Lost Carrier to Hang Up
Delay.

$11 50-255 95/100 DTMF tone duration

(* in one-hundredth second increments)

$12 0-255 seconds 50(1) Escape code guard time*.

(*in one-fiftieth second increments)

$13 Reserved.

S14 BitMapped 138(8Ah) Bit mapped registers.
$15 Reserved

$16 Bit Mapped 0 Modem test options.
S17 Reserved.

$18 0-255 seconds 0 Test timer.

$19 Reserved.

$20 Reserved.

521 Bit Mapped 4(04h) Bit mapped registers.
$22 BitMapped 117(75h) Bit mapped registers.
$23 Bit Mapped 54(36h) Bit mapped registers.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

77

eR a SE ITE IS RAST GE ATS SE A TSE

Reg. Range Units Default Definition

$24 0-255 seconds 0 Sleep Inactivity Timer.

$25 0-255 seconds 5 Asynchronous DTR Delay.
$26 0-255 seconds 1 RTS to CTS Delay Interval.
$27. Bit Mapped 9(09h) Bit mapped registers.

$28 Bit Mapped 0 Bit mapped registers

S29 0-255, ms 10 Flash Dial Modifier Time.
$30 0-255 seconds 0 Disconnect Inactivity Timer.

$31 Bit Mapped 2
$32 0-255 ASCII 17(11h) XON Character.
$33 0-255 ASCII 19(19h) XOFF Character.

$34-35 Reserved.
S36 7 LAPM Failure Control
$37 0 Line Connection speed

NOTE: Desired sub-V.34 line connection speed. If an invalid number
is entered, the number is accepted into the register, but S37 will react
as though the default value has been entered. See the +MS command

for more modulation selections.

Bits 0-4:

Attempt auto mode connection (DEFAULT)

Attempt to connect at 300bps

= Reserved

= Attempt to connect at V.22 1200bps

Attempt to connect at V.22bis 2400bps

Attempt to connect at V.23

= Attempt to connect at V.32/V.32bis 4800bps

= Attempt to connect at V.32/V.32bis 9600bps
0 = Attempt to connect at V.32bis 12Kbps

11 = Attempt to connect at V.32bis14.4Kbps

12 = Attempt to connect at V.32bis 7200bps (ATF7)

= ©
1
o Il
ll

FOON AD OS
i

Reg. Range Units Default Definition
S38 0-255 seconds 20 Delay Before Forced

Hangup.
S39 Bit Mapped 3 Bit Mapped Registers.
S40 _— Bit Mapped 104(68h) Bit Mapped Registers.
S41 Bit Mapped 3 Bit Mapped Registers.
$42-45 Reserved.
S46 136 or 138 138 Data Compression Control.

NOTE: 136 enables error correction with no compression; 138 enables
error correction WITH compression.

S48 0, 7, 128 i V.42 Negotiation.

NOTE: 0 disables negotiation and proceeds with LAPM; 7 enables
negotiation; and 128 disables negotiation and proceeds with fallback
action specified in S36. The default for S36 is to attempt an MNP
connection.

S49-81 Reserved.

$82 372128 128(40h) Break Handling Option.

S86 0-255 NA Connection Failure Cause
Code.

S91 0 to -15dBm 10 PSTN Transmit Level.

$92 0 to -15dBm 10 Fax Transmit Level.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

79

| ee RT aS

Reg. Range Units Default Definition
$95 Bit-Mapped 0 Extended Results Codes.
NOTE: Bit values are defined as follows for S95:

0 = CONNECT CODE indicates DCE speed instead of DTE
speed.

1 = Append ARQ (automatic repeat request) to verbose
CONNECT XXXX_ result code if protocol is other than
none.

2 = Enable CARRIER XXXxX result code.

3 = Enable PROTOCOL XXXxX result code.

5 = Enable COMPRESSION result code.

Bits 4, 6, and 7 are reserved.

80

Result Codes

Result Numeric

Code Value Description

OK 0 Modem successfully executed a command line.

CONNECT 1° Connection made at 300 bps.
RING 2 Modem detected an incoming call.

NO CARRIER 3 Modem lost or could not detect a remote
carrier signal within the Register S7 time.

ERROR

>

Modem found an error in the command line.

CONNECT 5 Modem established a connection 1200 at
1200 1200bps.

NO 6 Modem did not detect a dial tone within 5
DIALTONE seconds after going off-hook.
BUSY 7 Modem detected a busy signal.

NO ANSWER 8 Five seconds of silence was not detected
when using the @ command in the dial
command line.

CONNECT 9 Modem established a connection at 600 bps.
0600

CONNECT ~~ 10 Modem established a connection at 2400 bps.
2400

CONNECT 11 Modem established a connection at 4800
4800 bps.

CONNECT = 12 Connection made at 9600 bps.
9600

V.34 BOCAMODEM

81

|e ca eee SFT TS SE SS LE ETSY

Result Numeric
Code Value Description

CONNECT 13 Connected as data modem during an
7200 answer.

CONNECT 14 Connection made at 12000 bps.
12000

CONNECT 15 Connection made at 14400 bps.
14400

CONNECT 16 Connection made at 19200 bps.
19200

CONNECT 17 Connection made at 38400 bps.
38400

CONNECT 18 Connection made at 57600 bps.
57600

CONNECT 19 Connection made at 115,200 bps.
115200

CONNECT 22 Modem returns this result code when upon

75TX/1200RX establishing a V.23 originate connection
when the modem has been instructed to
report the DTE speed to the DTE upon
connecting.

CONNECT 23 Modem returns this result code when upon

1200RX/75RX establishing a V.23 answer connection
when the modem has been instructed to
report the DTE speed to the DTE upon
connecting.

82

Result
Code

DELAYED

BLACKLISTED 32

FAX
DATA

CARRIER
300

CARRIER
1200/75

CARRIER
75/1200

CARRIER
1200

CARRIER
2400

CARRIER
4800

CARRIER
7200

CARRIER
9600

45

46

47

48

49

50

V.34 BOCAMODEM

Numeric
Value Description
24 For X4; when a call fails to connect and the

number dialed is ‘delayed’ due to country
blacklisting requirements.

For X4; when a call fails to connect and the
number dialed is considered ‘blacklisted’.

A fax modem connection is established.
A data modem connection is established.

Carrier rate of 300 bps.

V.23 backward channel has been detected.
V.23 forward channel has been detected
Carrier rate of 1200 bps.

Carrier rate of 2400 bps.

Carrier rate of 4800 bps.

Carrier rate of 7200 bps.

Carrier rate of 9600 bps.

83

Result
Code

CARRIER
12000

CARRIER
14000

CARRIER
16800

CARRIER
19200

CARRIER
21600

CARRIER
24000

CARRIER
26400

CARRIER
28800

51

52

53

55

56

57

58

COMPRESSION: 66

CLASS 5

COMPRESSION 67

V.42bis

Numeric
Value

Description

Carrier rate of 12000 bps.

Carrier rate of 14400 bps.

Carrier rate of 16800 bps.

Carrier rate of 19200 bps.

Carrier rate of 21600 bps

Carrier rate of 24000 bps

Carrier rate of 26400 bps.

Carrier rate of 28800 bps.

The modem has connected in MNP class 5
and COMPRESSION message reporting has
been enabled.

The modem has connected in V.42bis and
COMPRESSION message reporting has been
enabled.

84

IER RRR RSET NS SAT TES I a aN SE
8 SSUES ESSE SSNS 8S SEESE SALES ES SAREE SDR ESTO BOSS ESET EEE SSR SE SES (PRES TONNES ES ST TTY SE TE

Result Numeric
Code Value

COMPRESSION: 69

NONE
PROTOCOL:
NONE*

PROTOCOL:
LAPM*

PROTOCOL:
ALT*

PROTOCOL:

ALT* CELLULAR

77

80

81

Description

The modem has connected without data
compression and COMPRESSION message
reporting has been enabled.

Modem has connected without any form of
error connection.

Modem has connected in the V.42 LAPM
mode of error correction.

Modem has connected in the MNP mode of
error correction.

Modem has connected in the MNP10 mode.

* PROTOCOL message reporting has been enabled.

+FCERROR

V.34 BOCAMODEM

+F4 Fax carrier error.

85

Glossary

A

algorithm. A formula or procedure which employs various methods
defining how data is to be used to give a prescribed result.

analog signals. Signals which can vary over a continuous range (e.g.,
the human voice over conventional telephone lines). Analog circuitry
is more subject to distortion and noise, But it is more capable of
handling complex signals than are digital signals which can have only
discrete values.

ARQ. Automatic Retry ReQuest for retransmission. A type of
communications link where the receiver asks the transmitter to re-
send a block of data when errors are detected.

ANSI. American National Standards Institute. A non-profit, private
industry association which governs most USA-standards setting
agencies.

ASCII. Acronym for American Standard Code for Information
Interchange. ASCII is an ANSI character set. The standard ASCII
character set consists of 128 decimal numbers (0-127) for letters of the
alphabet, numerals, punctuation marks, and common special
characters. The extended ASCII character set extends to 255 characters
and contains special mathematical, graphics, and foreign characters.

asynchronous communications. A method of transmission in which
one character is sent one bit at a time; also referred to as serial
transmission.

automode. Capability to automatically select the highest possible line
speed. Factors for highest possiile line speed include: ITU-TSS
compliance, common capabilities of both modems and telephone line

quality.

B

Bell standards. Refers to the U. S. modulation protocol standards
developed by the former AT&T Bell Systems such as Bell 103 (300bps
transmission) and Bell 212A (1200bps transmission).

86

bit-mapped registers. An S-register which contains ule bit-
oriented values. Example: the value of $22 is the sum of the bit values
which you select (bits 0-1: speaker volume/value: 0-3; bits 2-3:
speaker control/value: 0-3; bits 4-6: limit result codes/value: 0, 4-6, 7).

blind dialing. An automated process whereby the modem goes off-
hook and dials without waiting for a dial tone. This is prohibited in
many countries.

block transfer control. Determines whether or not the modem uses
block or stream mode during an MNP connection. In stream mode,
MNP sends data frames in varying length. Block mode sends fixed
data 5 of 256 characters and is selected with the MNP-based \L
command.

bps. bits per second.

break handling. Determines how the modem responds when a
BREAK signal is received from either the DTE (Data Terminal
Equipment or computer/terminal) or the remote modem. This is
controlled by the MNP-based AT extended command \K. A break
signal is represented on the communications line by a steady space
signal for a significant length of time. Break signals may be activated
from the keyboard by pressing the BREAK key or the control (CTRL)
and C keys.

Cc

CCITT. Consultative Committee for International Telephone and
Telegraph. This advisory organization is part of the ITU (International
Telecommunication Union) which is an agency of the United Nations.
Organization recently renamed International Telecommunications
Union-Telecommunications Standards Sector (ITU-TSS)

command mode. The modem is in command mode when it is turned
on or reset, when it loses its connection to a remote modem, when it
is in on-line mode, or when escape characters (+++) are A any To
transmit data, the modem must be in data mode. The modem does
not transmit data when in command mode.

communications protocol. A set of procedures which controls how a
data communications network operates.

D

DCD. Data Carrier Detect. Indicates to the terminal device that the
modem is receiving a valid carrier signal from a remote modem. The
carrier is a tone at a specified frequency.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

87

DCE. Data Communications Equipment. The local and/or remote
modem. A DCE is usually connected to a DTE.

DTE. Data Terminal Equipment. The computer or terminal, either
local (yours), or the remote (the one you’re communicating with). A
DTE is usually connected to a DCE.

DTR. Data Terminal Ready. The computer issues this signal to the
attached modem indicating that it is ready to receive data.

data compression. A technique that examines transmitted data for
redundancy and replaces strings (groups) of characters with special
codes which the receiving modem interprets and restores to its
original form. Transmission of compressed data results in shorter
connect times and hence cost savings for connect charges. Data
compression is sometimes called “source encoding”.

data mode. The modem is in data mode when a connection has been
established with a remote modem and sends a CONNECT response
confirming the connection. User data may then be transmitted or
received.

dial modifier. Dial modifiers are special characters appended to the
ATD command which instruct the modem how to place a call.

digital signal. A discrete signal which can only take on one of several
(usually only two) discrete levels in contrast to analog signals which
can take a continuous range of levels.

E

error detection and correction. The transmitting modem attaches a
special pattern (called a frame check sequence) calculated according
to a prescribed algorithm from user-defined data to the end of a block
of data. The receiving modem performs the same algorithm and
compares it to the one with the transmitted data. If these match, then
the block of data has been received correctly. If not, the block of data
is re-transmitted until no errors are detected.

escape sequence. Also referred to as the escape command. This

po ge command is entered as three plus symbols (+++) and places
the modem in command mode and interrupts user data transmission,
but does not terminate the data connection. This allows the entering
of commands while the connection is maintained.

88

extended AT-command. Extended commands were developed to
provide greater functionality and control over modem operations
than is available from the basic AT command set.

F

fax mode. The modem is in fax mode when, through use of fax
communications software, it can send and receive faxes, print and
display fax files, convert files to fax-files, and set certain fax-related
features. Note: the modulation protocol used by the modem in fax
mode is also different from the usual data mode modulation.

flow control. Compensates for the difference between the rate at
which data reaches a device and the rate at which the device
processes and transmits. This is controlled by the extended AT
command &K. The two common types of flow control are RTS/CTS
signaling (a hardware based method, employing an electrical Ned
and XON/XOFF (a software-based method using standard ASCII
control characters to pause or resume transmission).

full-duplex. Two-way simultaneous transmission between modems,
which may occur via a four-wire circuit on a leased line, or with a
two-wire connection when the frequency bandwidth is divided into
two distinct channels, or when echo cancellation is employed (e.g.,
Bell 103, 212, and V.22 use frequency division, while V.32 uses echo
cancellation).

G

guard tone. Guard tones are used in the United Kingdom and other
countries. This requires that the modem transmit an 1800-Hz tone
after it sends an answer tone. The guard tone is controlled by the &G
command. Guard tones are not used in the U.S.A.

H

half-duplex. Signal flow in both directions, but only one way ata
time with each modem alternating between send and receive.

Hayes-compatible. ie hi Microcomputer Products, Inc. developed
the AT command set which has become a de facto industry standard.
pe commands are always initiated with an AT (attention code)
prefix.

hook flash. The dial modifier “!” causes the modem to go on-hook
(hang-up) for one-half second. Also controlled by the ATH command.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

89

L

LAPM. Link Access Protocol Modem. A V.42 ARQ type of error
correction protocol which is controlled by S-Register 46, where LAPM
may be activated with or without V.42bis data compression.

leased line. Also referred to as a private line. A leased line is obtained
from a communications company (carrier) to provide a transmission
medium between two points. The line consists of a permanent
dedicated circuit between two points, or to set of previously arranged

oints. The cost of the line is usually based on the distance between
ocations. This is in contrast to switched or dial-up lines, which can be
connected to any point on the network.

line modulation. The means ie which a carrier is varied to represent
a 4 carrying information. In a modem, the user’s digital data is
used to modulate the modem’s transmitter’s carrier or carrier to
allow the digital signal to be carried over analog facilities.

long space disconnect. Determines whether or not modem
disconnects when it receives a continuous break from a remote
modem. Controlled by the ATY command.

loopback tests. There are four types of loopback tests which are as
follows: (1) the local digital loopback tests the operation of the DTE,
including whether or not data is leaving the terminal or computer
port; (2) the local analog loopback tests the digital and analog circuits
of the modem; (3) the remote digital loopback checks the operating
condition of the line and remote modem; (4) the remote analog
loopback tests the line to the remote modem.

M

MNP. Microcom Networking Protocol. A series of data
communications protocols developed by Microcom for full-duplex,
error-free communications.

make/break ratio. The &P command controls the ratio of the off-hook
(make) to on-hook (break) interval used by the modem when it pulse
dials. &P0 selects a 39% /61% make/break ratio for use in the U.S.
&P1 selects a 33% /67% make/break ratio for use in the United
Kingdom and Hong Kong. The &P command is NOT allowed in
some countries.

90

STS SESE SS SBR A SSS SS SS SES SE SSE NSN SOOT SEY

modulation handshake. Also referred to as Automode Enable and is
controlled by the ATN command. This determines whether or not the
modem must connect at a particular speed, or allow connection at
any speed supported by both modems.

N

negotiation fallback. Controlled by S-Register 36 as part of the V.42
protocol. Setting this register indicates what action to take when a
desired connection cannot be made (e.g., hang-up, direct mode
connect, normal mode connect).

non-volatile RAM. Also NVRAM. Random access memory whose
data is retained when power is turned off. This is especially useful for
modems to store user-defined default configuration settings and
ph: td used bad pe numbers. This information would be
loaded into modem RAM at power-up.

O

on-line state. Same as data mode. To transmit or receive data, the
modem must be in the on-line state. When placing a call, the modem
is put on-line with the dial command.

P
PBX. Private Branch Exchange. A telephone switch at a customer site.

pulse dialing. Also referred to as rotary dialing, i.e., dialing with the
older-style rotary dial wheel. The dial modifier ATP sets the modem
to pulse dialing, which is the default method as opposed to tone
didiing (push-button touch-tone) which is enabled with ATT. All
telephone exchanges will accept older-style pulse dialing and most
exchanges will accept modern tone-dialing. Tone dialing is faster and
more reliable since mechanical relays and their inherent failure
mechanisms are avoided.

R

result code. A response sent by the modem after executing a
command. The response reports the modem’s status or the progress of
a call and can take the form of either digits (numeric) or words
(verbose). Issuing a V1 command enables word responses. A VO (V-
zero) command enables numeric responses. The QI command
disables their use entirely. Example: “OK” (word), or 0 (numeric)
indicates that the modem successfully executed a command.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

91

retrain. An adjustment process performed when one of the modems
detects signal distortion or line noise which threaten data integrity.

RTS/CTS. Request to Send/Clear to Send. RTS and CTS are two
control signal lines between the modem (DCE) and terminal (DTE)
which allow the terminal to control the flow of information. See also
flow control.

S

sleep inactivity timer. Determines the length of time the modem
operates in normal mode with no activity before entering low-power
“sleep” mode.

split-speed direction. Determines which direction (transmit or
receive) has the 75bps channel and which has the 1200bps channel,
but is only active if the \W command is set to 1. Used with V.23
modulation only.

standard AT-command. The basic AT command set, originated by
Hayes Microcomputer Products, Inc.

synchronous clock source. i to synchronous modem
operations and is set with the &X command. The command specifies
the clocking source referred to as the transmit signal element timing.
This can be controlled by either the modem or the terminal.

synchronous communications. A method of transmission in which
ata bits are sent continuously at the same rate under the control of a
fixed frequency clock signal.

Tr,

touch-tone dialing. Push-button tone dialing as used on
contemporary phone sets. The dial modifier ATT sets the modem to
“tone” mode. Tone dialing is faster and more reliable than older-style
pulse dialing.

xX

XON/XOFF. XON and XOFF are the names of two different control
characters. See also flow control.

Acknowledgements

The Complete Modem Reference. Gilbert Held. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Upgrading and Repairing PCs. (Second Edition). Que Corporation.

92

Index

A

AC wall socket 16
Asynchronous Mode 63

AT Command Reference 58-84
Automode Enable 60

B

Bell standards 42
BBS 55

ic

CCITT 42

COM ports 26

COMCHECK 26-27
Command/Protocol Reference 40-43
Communication Settings 26
ey 49
Compliance Information 50-53
Connecting the Phone Line 15, 29
Contents of Your Package (external) 13
Contents of Your Package (internal) 25
Control Long Space Disconnect 61

D

Data Carrier Detect 62

Data Communication Protocols 42
Data Terminal Ready 62

Data transmission rates 10
Default COM/IRQ 27

Dial Modifiers 58

Dial Stored Number 58
DTE/Modem Flow Control 62

E

Echo command 36

Electronic BBS 55

Error Message Control 60

Escape Characters 61

Extended AT command for V.42/
V.42bis 43, 68

Extended AT command for MNP 43, 65

Extended AT command sets 40, 62-64

Extended Result Codes 61

F
Fax Data Rate 49

v.34 BOCAMODEM

Fax Modulation Protocols 49
FCC Requirements 5, 50-52
Features 9

G

a 85-91
Group III send and receive fax
capability 9

H

Hardware Diagnostics 44-48
Hayes ‘AT’ command set 9, 40, 58-84
Hook flash 51

I

Initialization (INIT) string 11
Initiate hook flash 58
Installation Hints 11
Internal Installation 25-34
Interrupt-sharing 26

IRQ settings 2

L

LED Status Indicators 49

Local Analog Loopback Test 44

Local Analog Loopback Test with Self-
Test 45

M

Make/Break Ratio 63

Microcom Networking Protocol 42
MNP 42, 65-67

Mode Responses 60

Modem Data Rate 49

Modem Modulation Protocols 49

oO

On-Line State 60
Operational Requirements (external) 14

P
Pause 58

hone jack 5
Physical ade Blectrical
Characteristics 49

Preparing the Modem (external) 16
Pulse (rotary) dial 58

93

Q
Quick Start! 6, 7
R

Remote Digital Loopback Test 46-47

Remote Digital Loopback Test with Self-
test 47-48

Restore Profile 61

Result Code Format 60

Return Merchandise Authorization 56

Return to command state 58

Ringer equivalence number 51

RJ-11 cable 17, 29

S

S-Registers 41, 75-79
Servicing Your Boca Product 55-57
pee volume control 59

tore phone number 58

NY

Technical Specifications 49

Test and Diagnostics 64

Testing the Connection (internal) 34
Testing the Connection (external) 22
Touch Tone (DTMF) dialing 58
Troubleshooting 35-39

v

“V-Dot” standards 42-43
V.42 /V.A2bis 68-69

WwW
Wait for dial tone 58

Wait for quiet answer 58
Warranty Information 54

94

WARNING/ATTENTION

#1’CAUTION: THIS MODEM CARD IS INTENDED TO BE INSTALLED IN CSA
CERTIFIED EQUIPMENT IN THE FIELD BY THE USER IN THE
MANUFACTURER'S DEFINED OPERATOR ACCESS AREA. CHECK THE
EQUIPMENT OPERATING/INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS AND/OR
EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER TO VERIFY/CONFIRM IF YOUR EQUIPMENT IS
SUITABLE FOR USER-INSTALLED APPLICATION CARDS.”

“ATTENTION: CETTE CARTE MODEM EST DESTINEE A ETRE INSTALLEE PAR
L'UTILISATEUR, SUR PLACE ET A L'INTERIEUR DE LA ZONE DEFINIE PAR LA
FABRICANT, DANS UN APPAREIL CERIFIE CSA. CONSULTER LE MODE
D’EMPLOI OU LE FABRICANT DE L’'APPAREIL POUR VERIFIER OU
CONFIRMER SI L’'UTILISATEUR PEUT Y INSTALLER LUI-MEME DES CARTES
PERIPHERIQUES.”

#2“CAUTION: ALWAYS DISCONNECT MODEM BOARD (THE ONE WITH THE
TELEPHONE/PLUG JACK) FROM THE TELEPHONE SYSTEM WHEN
INSTALLING OR WHEN COVERS ARE REMOVED FROM THE HOST
PRODUCT.”

“ATTENTION: TOUJOURS DEBRANCHER LA LIGNE TELEPHONIQUE DE LA
CARTE MODEM (MUNIE D’UNE PRISE OR D'UNE FICHE) AVANT DE
PROCEDER A L'INSTALLATION DANS L’APPAREIL OU LORSQUE LE
COUVERCLE DE CELUI-CI EST RETIRE.”

#3”CAUTION: APPLY THE ENCLOSED ADHESIVE WARNING LABEL TO THE
OUTSIDE OR INSIDE OF THE EQUIPMENT ENCLOSURE ADJACENT TO THE
MODEM CARD.”

“ATTENTION: APPOSER L’ETIQUETTE AUTOCOLLANTE DE MISE EN GARDE
CI-INCLUSE SURE LE PAROI EXTERIEURE OU INTERIEURE DU BOITIER DE
L’'APPAREIL PRES DE LA CARTE MODEM.

V.34 BOCAMODEM

BOCA

RESEARCH [NC

Manual Part No. 9438
Rev. 3.0